هشدار بیش از ۱۰۰۰ اقتصاددان به مردم آمریکا

به گزارش رکنا، به نقل از بیزنس اینسایدر، تا روز جمعه گذشته بیش از 1000 اقتصاددان نامه ای را امضا کرده اند که با تأکید بر "بی پروایی و خودخواهی" ترامپ از رای دهندگان می خواهد در روز انتخابات وی را مردود کنند.

تعداد امضاها از جمعه هفته گذشته بیش از ۳۰۰ مورد افزایش یافته و حالا ۱۰۰۰ اقتصاددان از جمله برندگان متعدد نوبل و نیز ۲ اقتصاددان ایرانی، نامه سرگشاده را امضا کرده بودند که تا روز انتخابات در حال به روزرسانی است.

عبدالله صوفی استاد دانشکده بازرگانی در دانشگاه ویسکانسین و علی شوریده از دانشگاه کارنگی ملون، ۲ اقتصاددان ایرانی هستند که نام آن‌ها در بین امضاءکنندگان است.

همچنین آلوین راث، اقتصاددان برنده نوبل که نامه را امضا کرده، به Business Insider گفت که او معتقد است ترامپ جنگ تجاری را به جای همکاری با شرکای تجاری ترجیح می دهد و انتخاب مجدد وی می تواند به اقتصاد آسیب برساند.

راث استاد اقتصاد در دانشگاه استنفورد است. وی در سال 2012 جایزه یادبود نوبل در علوم اقتصادی را به اشتراک گذاشت.

راث گفت "او نگران است که برخی رای دهندگان ادعاهای دروغین رئیس جمهور ترامپ مبنی بر اینکه رهبری پرمخاطره وی برای اقتصاد ایالات متحده مفید بوده است، را باور داشته باشند."

متن نامه سرگشاده‌ای که در آن این اقتصاددانان برجسته نسبت به انتخاب مجدد دونالد ترامپ هشدار داده‌اند به شرح زیر است؛

(توجه: نام موسسات تنها برای شناسایی بهتر افراد و رویکرد آنها ذکر شده و نباید به عنوان امضا کنند‌ه نامه تلقی شوند.)

ما اقتصاددانان، به شدت از رای دهندگان خواستاریم به دلایل زیر دونالد ترامپ را انتخاب نکنند:

رویکرد آشفته و ناکارآمد وی در مذاکره، رابطه با شرکای تجاری را آسیب رسانده، زنجیره‌های تأمین را دچار نارسایی کرده، هنجارهای بین‌المللی را تخریب کرده و به کشاورزان آمریکایی آسیب رسانده است – در حالی که همه این‌ها بدون دستیابی به هدف اعلام شده وی در زمینه کاهش کسری تجاری است. پیش‌بینی نشده است که معامله تجاری برجسته وی‌، (USMCA)، قرارداد جایگزین با نفتا و...)، تأثیر معناداری بر تولید ناخالص داخلی یا کسری تجاری داشته باشد.

بی‌کفایتی مدیریتی وی اعتبار و اثربخشی بخش دولت آمریکا را خدشه‌دار کرده است. آژانس‌ها از طریق سرپرستان خود اقدام می‌کنند، کارمندان ناراضی سابق اغلب با هشدارهای شدید در رسانه‌ها ظاهر می‌شوند.

وی ادعا کرد که توانایی منحصر به فردی برای رشد (در تولید ناخالص داخلی واقعی) بین 4 تا 6 درصد را هر سال دارد، اما این نرخ رشد در 3 سال نخست ریاست جمهوری او هرگز از 9/2 درصد عبور نکرد. علاوه براین، تحلیلگران گلدمن‌ساکس (Goldman Sachs) و (Moody’s Analytics) پیش‌بینی کرده‌اند که برنامه‌های اقتصادی «جو بایدن»، در صورت اجرایی شدن، باعث رشد سریع‌تر اشتغال و تولید ناخالص داخلی واقعی می‌شود.

وی نتوانست به وعده‌های اصلی اقتصادی مبارزات انتخاباتی خود دست یابد: تولید در بخش کارخانه‌ای سهم کمی از اشتغال دارد و کسری‌های مالی و تجاری نیز افزایش یافته‌اند (که در شرایط پسابحران در نیم قرن گذشته حتی رکود بزرگ [2008 میلادی] تمام روسای جمهور به کاهش کسری و رساندن آن به مازاد سوق داشته‌اند، حتی بیل کلینتون مازاد تجاری هنگفتی از خود به میراث گذاشت، با این حال ترامپ کاملا در جهت خلاف حرکت کرده است). همانطور که اقتصاددانان در سال 2016 توضیح دادند، بیشتر وعدههای وی با استفاده از سیاست‌های پیشنهادی وی معنایی نداشتند یا تحقق‌پذیر نبودند. این امر در سال 2020 میلادی واضح شده است.

پاسخ بهداشت عمومی دولت وی به کووید-19 توسط دانشمندان پزشکی اینطور توصیف شده که: یک بحران را به یک فاجعه تبدیل کرده و نسبت به سایر کشورها عملکرد ضعیفتری داشته است.

وی به طور مداوم استقلال و اعتبار آژانس‌های بهداشتی مهم ما از جمله سازمان غذا و دارو، مراکز کنترل بیماری‌های مسری و موسسات ملی بهداشت را تضعیف کرده است، اعتماد مردم به تأییدیه‌ها و توصیه‌های آنها را دقیقا زمانی که ما بیش از حد ناامید یودیم نادیده گرفته و اثر مثبت این راهکارهای علمی را از بین برد.

وی به میزان چشمگیری بر میزان درگیری رشد اقتصادی و بهداشت عمومی در طول بیماری همه‌گیر، بسیار تأکید کرده است. اما در حقیقبت، بسیاری از کشورهایی که در تلاش برای مهار ویروس خود بسیار موفق و منظم بوده‌اند، از نظر اقتصادی نیز عملکرد بهتری داشته‌اند.

رفتارهای شخصی وی در طی شیوع COVID-19 سلامت جامعه، بهبود اقتصادی و بازگشایی امن مدارس را به خطر انداخت. وی استفاده از ماسک و فاصله اجتماعی را تضعیف کرد، تجمع‌هایی در داخل خانه برگزار می‌کرد، استفاده از مواد پزشکی غیرقابل اثبات و بالقوه خطرناک را تشویق می‌کرد، شدت همه‌گیری را نادیده گرفت و میزبان یک رویداد فراگیر بود که کاخ سفید را ناتوان کرد و رهبری نظامی را مجبور به قرنطینه شد.

او به طور منظم اطلاعات غلط خطرناک را حتی در مواقع بحرانی منتشر می‌کند و بزرگترین منبع اطلاعات غلط در طی همه گیری بوده است.

وی با حمله به آزادی مذهبی و القا این نکته که فرزندان مهاجر غیر سفیدپوست واقعاً آمریکایی نیستند، این کشور را برای مهاجران ماهر و سخت‌کوش بدون جذابیت رها‌ کرده است.

وی با ایجاد هرج و مرج همیشگی و عدم اطمینان، و با استفاده از اهرم‌های دولت برای مجازات افراد و مشاغل غیرقابل احترام اجنماعب کافی‌، کشور را به مکان نامناسبی برای تجارت تبدیل کرده است.

وی با فشار بر کشورهای خارجی برای تضعیف مخالفان سیاسی خود، استفاده از میز مصمم برای تبلیغ محصولات حامی سیاسی، تلاش برای برکزاری جلسات دولتی با شرکای تجاری شخصی، استفاده از منابع عمومی برای انجام برنامه‌های مبارزات و اجازه کارمندان کاخ سفید برای آنکه (قانون هچ) را زیر پا بگذارند. (مصوبه هـَچ، نام قانون فدرال در ایالات متحده آمریکا است که در سال ۱۹۳۹ و در هفتاد و ششمین کنگره ایالات متحده آمریکا به تصویب رسید. این مصوبه در پاسخ به اتهام مستخدمان دولت به انجام فعالیت‌های جناحی سیاسی در زمان دولت فرانکلین روزولت به تصویب رسید. براساس قانون هـَچ، به جز رئیس‌جمهوری، معاون او و شماری از مقام‌های بلندپایه مشخص، مابقی کارکنان امور اجرایی در اداره‌های دولت فدرال، از دخالت در امور سیاسی از جمله استفاده از موقعیت دولتی برای نفوذ در انتخابات، اشتغال در مناصب مرتبط با انتخابات، شرکت در مبارزه‌های سیاسی و جمع‌آوری کمک نقدی برای نامزدها یا احزاب سیاسی، منع می‌شوند)

وی از انتشار اظهارنامه‌های مالیاتی خود خودداری کرده است - برخلاف مخالفان سیاسی خود در هر دو کشور 2016 و 2020 - تعیین تعیین میزان تعارض منافع مالی وی با کشور دشوار است. گزارش‌های اخیر، که بازدهی سود او را برای دو دهه تأمین کرده است ، حاکی از آن است که مشاغل وی به طور مداوم ضرر زیادی داده‌اند.

وی نظریه‌های توطئه را گسترش می‌دهد که اعتماد طولانی‌مدت به نهادهای دموکراتیک را تضعیف کند ، ظاهرا هیچ دلیل دیگری غیر از تأثیرگذاری بر پوشش رسانه‌ای در یک چرخه خبری واحد در اعمال وی نیست.

او آگاهی ضعیفی نسبت به حاصل جمع صفر در مورد اقتصاد دارد که شرارت و بی‌رحمی بی‌موردی را ایجاد می‌کند.

دونالد ترامپ ایالات متحده را غیرقابل «شناسایی» (در مقایسه با هویت سابق) کرده است و برای این کار هیچ پیامدی را جدی نمی‌گیرد. وی حمله مداوم به نهادهای دموکراتیک را انجام داده ، اعضای خانواده‌اش را در هنگام شیوع همه‌گیری مسئول وظایف مهم دولتی قرار داده، خواستار تضعیف مخالفان سیاسی خود و حتی مجازاتی مانند زندان شده، فساد عادی و ضعف و بهبود اقتصادی با رفتارهای خودخواهانه و بی پروا بیشتر شده است. به همین دلایل، ما اکیدا توصیه میکنیم کاری را انجام دهید که هیچ‌کس دیگری نمی‌تواند: بازپس گیری دموکراسی خود با رأی دادن به برکناری دونالد ترامپ از سمت خود.

اسامی امضاکنندگان نامه:

Henry J Aaron, The Brookings Institution

Alberto Abadie, MIT

Soofi Abdol, School of Business, University of Wisconsin-Platteville

Teshome Abebe, Eastern Illinois University

Ryan Abman, San Diego State University

Rahi Abouk, William Paterson University

Joelle Abramowitz, University of Michigan

David Abrams, University of Pennsylvania

Jason Abrevaya, University of Texas, Austin

Daron Acemoglu, MIT

Sara Adler-Mandelbaum, Western Governor's University

Anat R Admati, Stanford University

Amanda Agan, Rutgers University

Dennis J. Aigner, University of California, Irvine

Ugur Aker, Hiram College

George Akerlof, Georgetown University

Stefania Albanesi, University of Pittsburgh

Randy Albelda, University of Massachusetts Boston

Jim Albrecht, Georgetown University

Harold Alderman, IFPRI

Mona Ali, State University of New York at New Paltz

Treb Allen, Dartmouth College

Andres Almazan, The University of Texas at Austin

Douglas Almond, Columbia University

Titan Alon, University of California, San Diego

Neil Alper, Northeastern University

Rosanne Altshuler, Rutgers University

Nurul Samiul Aman, University of Massachusetts Boston

Pedro Amaral, California State University, Fullerton

Kathryn H. Anderson, Vanderbilt University

James E. Anderson, Boston College

Axel Anderson, Georgetown University

Robert M Anderson, University of California, Berkeley

Victor William Ribeiro Andrade, University of Kansas

Donald W K Andrews, Yale University

Manuela Angelucci, The University of Texas at Austin

Jasmin Ansar, Mills College

Ian Appel, Boston College

Andres Aradillas-Lopez, Pennsylvania State University

Eren Arbatli, NRU Higher School of Economics

Ken Ardon, Salem State University

Matteo Arena, Marquette University

Mary Arends-Kuenning, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Costas Arkolakis, Yale University

Timothy Armstrong, Yale University

Boragan Aruoba, University of Maryland

Michael Ash, University of Massachusetts Amherst

Richard Ashley, Virginia Tech

Vidya Atal, Montclair State University

Susan Averett, Lafayette College

Ruediger Bachmann, University of Notre Dame

M. V. Lee Badgett, Amherst, MA

Thouraya Bahri, New School for Social Research

Erol Balkan, Hamilton College

Laurence Ball, Johns Hopkins University

Suman Banerjee, Stevens Institute of Technology

Victoria Baranov, The University of Melbourne

Robert J. Barbera, Johns Hopkins University

Bradford Lewis Barham, University of Wisconsin - Madison

Bill Barnes, University of Portland

William A. Barnett, University of Kansas

Christopher B. Barrett, Cornell University

Janis Barry, Fordham University

Dominick Bartelme, University of Michigan

Karna Basu, Hunter College & CUNY Graduate Center

Bharati Basu, Central Michigan University

Michael Bates, University of California at Riverside

Natalie Bau, UCLA

Reagan Baughman, University of New Hampshire

Robert Baumann, College of the Holy Cross

Elizabeth Bayley, University of Delaware

Neal Becker, University of Pittsburgh

Jere R Behrman, University of Pennsylvania

Marc F. Bellemare, University of Minnesota

C. Lanier Benkard, Stanford University

Alan M. Benson, University of Minnesota

Antonio M Bento, University of Southern California

Youssef Benzarti, University of California, Santa Barbara

Julia Berazneva, Middlebury College

Berenbeim, Stern School of Business Administration, New York University

Dirk Bergemann, Yale University

Peter Bergman, Columbia University

Ted Bergstrom, University of California Santa Barbara

Daniel Berkowitz, University of Pittsburgh

Eli Berman, University of California San Diego

Ernst R. Berndt, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Dan Bernhardt, University of Illinois

Kevin Berry, University of Alaska Anchorage

Marianne Bertrand, University of Chicago

David Besanko, Northwestern University

Mostafa Beshkar,

Michael Carlos Best, Columbia University

Syon Bhanot, Swarthmore College

Saurabh Bhargava, Carnegie Mellon University

V Bhaskar, University of Texas at Austin

Joydeep Bhattacharya, Iowa State University

Timothy Bianco, Allegheny College

Joerg Bibow, Skidmore College

Adam I. Biener, Lafayette College

Herman J. Bierens, Pennsylvania State University

Saki Bigio, UCLA

Richard E. Bilsborrow, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Alberto Bisin, New York University

Emily Blanchard, Tuck School of Business, Dartmouth College

David Blanchflower, Dartmouth College

Emily Blank, Howard University

David Blau, Ohio State University

Francine D. Blau, Cornell University

Hoyt Bleakley, University of Michigan

Robert A. Blecker, American University

Jason R. Blevins, Ohio State University

Jesse Blocher, Vanderbilt University

Steven Block, Tufts University

Barry Bluestone, Northeastern University

Randy Bluffstone, Portland State University

Andreas Blume, University of Arizona

Luigi Bocola, Stanford University

Martin Boileau, University of Colorado

Gary Bolton, University of Texas at Dallas

Alessandro Bonatti, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Philip Bond,

Carl Bonham, University of Hawaii at Manoa

Severin Borenstein, University of California, Berkeley

Luca Bossi, University of Pennsylvania

Steven Bosworth, University of Reading

Matthew J. Botsch, Bowdoin College

Nathan Sivers Boyce, Willamette University

Roy G Boyd, Ohio University

Gale A. Boyd, Duke University

Austin Boyle, Pennsylvania State University

Mathew Bradbury, CUNY

W. David Bradford, University of Georgia

Sebastien Bradley, Drexel University

William Brainard, Yale University

Elizabeth Brainerd, Brandeis University

Daniel Brent, Penn State University

Emily Breza, Harvard University

Thomas Bridges, University of Delaware

Wyatt Brooks, Arizona State University

David S. Brookshire, University of New Mexico

Derek S. Brown, Washington University in St. Louis

John C Brown, Clark University

Christina Brown, UC Berkeley

Clair Brown, University of California, Berkeley

Anne Le Brun, Harvard University

Sandro Brusco, Stony Brook University

Kevin Bryan, University of Toronto

Kasey Buckles, University of Notre Dame

Marguerite Burns, University of Wisconsin

Robert D. Buschman, Georgia State University

Benjamin Bushong, Michigan State University

Kristy Buzard, Syracuse University

John W. Byrd, University of Colorado Denver

Tilman Bögers, University of Michigan

Trudy Ann Cameron, University of Oregon

Donald Edward Campbell, The College of William and Mary

Gerard Caprio, Williams College

Michael R. Caputo, University of Central Florida

Geoffrey Carliner, Boston University

Christopher Carpenter, Vanderbilt University

Wayne Carroll, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire

Michael Carter, UMass Lowell

Michael R Carter, University of California, Davis

Andres Carvajal, University of California, Davis

John P Caskey, Swarthmore College

John Cawley, Cornell University

Stephen Cecchetti, Brandeis University

Ujjayant Chakravorty, Tufts University

Frank Chaloupka, University of Illinois at Chicago

Howard F. Chang, University of Pennsylvania

Roberto Chang, Rutgers University

Yong Chao, University of Louisville

David A. Chapman, University of Virginia

Kalyan Chatterjee, The Pennsylvania State University

Joyce J. Chen, The Ohio State University

Sergey Chernenko, Purdue University

Howard Chernick, Hunter College and the Graduate Center, City Univ of NY

Ron Cheung, Oberlin College

Judith Chevalier, Yale School of Management

Rachel G. Childers, Presbyterian College

Menzie D. Chinn, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Robert Chirinko, University of Illinois at Chicago

Barry R. Chiswick, George Washington University

Bhagwan Chowdhry, UCLA

Abdur Chowdhury, Marquette University

Kimberly E Christensen, Sarah Lawrence College

Emanuele Citera, New School for Social Research

Tim Classen, Loyola University Chicago

Kimberly Clausing, Reed College

Dennis Craig Coates, University of Maryland, Baltimore County

Jim Cobbe, Florida State University

Daniele Coen-Pirani, University of Pittsburgh

Sarah Cohodes, Teachers College, Columbia University

Olivier Coibion, University of Texas, Austin

Matthew T. Cole, California Polytechnic State University

Paula Cole, University of Denver

Robert Collinson, University of Notre Dame

Jonathan Colmer, University of Virginia

Jonathan Conning, City University of New York

Karen Conway, University of New Hampshire

Patrick Conway, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Jason Cook, University of Utah

Thomas Cooley, New York University

Hope Corman, Rider University

Anna Cororaton, SMU

Jay R. Corrigan, Kenyon College

Kevin Cotter, Wayne State University

Stephen Coussens, Columbia University

Arnold R. Cowan, Iowa State University

Donald Cox, Boston College

Stuart V. Craig, University of Pennsylvania

Peter Cramton, University of Maryland

Carolyn Craven, Middlebury College

Vincent Crawford, University of Oxford and University of California, San Diego

Elizabeth Crowell, University of Michigan—Dearborn

Kelley L. Cullen, Eastern Washington University

J David Cummins, Temple University

Scott Cunningham, Baylor University

David M Cutler, Harvard University

Carol Dahl, Colorado School of Mines

Amy Damon, Macalester College

Jamshid Damooei, California Lutheran University

James Dana, Northeastern University

Shooshan Danagoulian, Wayne State University

Anita Dancs, Western New England University

Betty C Daniel, University at Albany

Andrew Daughety, Vanderbilt University

Dhaval Dave, Bentley University

Thomas Davidoff, University of British Columbia

Donald R. Davis, Columbia University

Robert T. Deacon, University of California, Santa Barbara

Alan V Deardorff, University of Michigan

Joyee Deb, Yale University

Jason Delaney, Georgia Gwinnett College

Yongheng Deng, University of Wisconsin-Madison

Tatyana Deryugina, University of Illinois

Olivier Deschenes, University of California, Santa Barbara

Jerome Detemple, Boston University

James DeVault, Lafayette College

Peter Diamond, MIT

Francis Diebold, University of Pennsylvania

Ranjit S. Dighe, SUNY Oswego

Michael DiNardi, University of Rhode Island

Taryn Dinkelman, University of Notre Dame

Rebecca Dizon-Ross, University of Chicago

Matthias Doepke, Northwestern University

Kevin Donovan, Yale University

Coleman Drake, University of Pittsburgh

Allan Drazen, University of Maryland

Itamar Drechsler, Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania

Thomas Drennen, Hobart and William Smith Colleges

Scott Dressler, Villanova University

Steven J. Dundas, Oregon State University

Timothy Dunne, University of Notre Dame

Steven N. Durlauf, University of Chicago

Prajit Dutta, Columbia University

Richard Dye, Lake Forest College

Susan Dynarski, University of Michigan

Eva Dziadula, University of Notre Dame

Dirk W. Early, Southwestern University

Richard A. Easterlin, University of Southern California

Jonathan Eaton, Pennsylvania State University

Richard Eckaus, MIT

Eric Edmonds, Dartmouth College

John H. Y. Edwards, Tulane University

Kevin Egan, University of Toledo

Nina Eichacker, University of Rhode Island

Barry Eichengreen, University of California, Berkeley

Alexander Eiermann, Stonehill College

Robert Elder, Beloit College

Cameron M. Ellis, Temple University

Sara Fisher Ellison, MIT

Alice Ellyson, University of Washington, Seattle Children's Research Institute

Adem Y. Elveren, Fitchburg State University

Dennis Epple, Carnegie Mellon University

Can Erbil, Boston College

Stephen Eugene Erfle, Professsor, International Business and Management, Dickinson College

Christopher Erickson, University of California, Los Angeles

Keith Marzilli Ericson, Boston University

Bilge Erten, Northeastern University

Hadi Salehi Esfahani, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Jose-Antonip Espin-Sanchez, Yale University

Mary Evans, Claremont McKenna College

David Evans, University of Oregon

Piotr Evdokimov, Higher School of Economics

Ray Fair, Yale University

David Fairris, University of California, Riverside

Ali Fatemi, DePaul University

Steven Fazzari, Washington University in St. Louis

Fan Fei, Northwestern College (Iowa)

Edgar Feige, University of Wisconsin - Madison

Roger Feldman, University of Minnesota

William D. Ferguson, Grinnell College

Raquel Fernandez, NYU

A. Nilesh Fernando, University of Notre Dame

Ricardo Fernholz, Claremont McKenna College

James Feyrer, Dartmouth College

Alexander J. Field, Santa Clara University

Andrew Fieldhouse, Middlebury College

Gary S. Fields, Cornell University

Deborah M. Figart, Stockton University

Raymond Fisman, Boston University

Luca Flabbi, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Sean Flaherty, Franklin and Marshall College

Belton M Fleisher, Ohio State University

Alfonso Flores-Lagunes, Syracuse University

Fred E Foldvary, San Jose State University

Christina Fong, Carnegie Mellon University

Henrique Veras de Paiva Fonseca, Oberlin College

Silke Forbes, Tufts University

Howard Paul Forman, Yale University

Jean-Jacques Forneron, Boston University

Kellie Forrester, Brown University

Lea Fortmann, University of Puget Sound

Cesare Fracassi, University of Texas at Austin

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Robert H. Frank, Cornell University

Jeffrey A. Frankel, Harvard University

Per Fredriksson, University of Louisville

Stephie Fried, Arizona State University

Leora Friedberg, University of Virginia

Amanda Friedenberg, University of Arizona

Philip Friedman, Golden Gate University

Daniel Friedman, University of California, Santa Cruz

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Delia Furtado, University of Connecticut

David Gabel, Queens College

Stuart Gabriel, UCLA

David Galenson, University of Chicago

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John Luke Gallup, Portland State University

Li Gan, Texas A&M University

John M Gandar, University of North Carolina at Charlotte

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Garance Genicot, Georgetown University

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Claudia Goldin, Harvard University

Matthieu Gomez, Columbia University

Gloria Gonzalez-Rivera, University of California, Riverside

Joshua Goodman, Boston University

Allen C. Goodman, Wayne State University

Radhakrishnan Gopalan, Washington University in St. Louis

Robert J. Gordon, Northwestern University

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Todd A. Gormley, Washington University in St. Louis

Lawrence Goulder, Stanford University

Ilene Grabel, University of Denver, Josef Korbel School of International Studies

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Jerry R. Green, Harvard University

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Stuart Greenbaum, Washington University, STL

Matthew Greenblatt, The College of New Jersey

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Mark Greer, The College of William & Mary

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Matthew Grennan, University of Pennsylvania

Erica L Groshen, Cornell University

Michael Grossman, City University of New York Graduate Center

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Jonathan Gruber, MIT

Martin J Gruber, NYU

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Arthur S Guarino, Rutgers University

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Daniel S. Hamermesh, Barnard College, IZA and NBER

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Stephen F Hamilton, California Polytechnic State University

Merlin M Hanauer, Sonoma State University

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Peter Reinhard Hansen, University of North Carolina

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Marc Henry, Penn State

Steve Henson, Western Washington University

Benjamin E Hermalin, University of California, Berkeley

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Joni Hersch, Vanderbilt University

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Keisuke Hirano, Pennsylvania State University

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Vivian Ho, Rice University

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Robert J Hodrick, Columbia Business School

Saul Hoffman, University of Delaware

Stephen Holland, University of North Carolina Greensboro

Thomas J Holmes, University of Minnesota

Harry J. Holzer, Georgetown University

Barbara E. Hopkins, Wright State University

Roozbeh Hosseini, University of Georgia

Yasheng Huang, MIT Sloan School of Management

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Scott A Imberman, Michigan State University

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Anisul Islam, University of Houston-Downtown

Joshua Jacobs, University of Washington

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Vandana Jain, University of Rhode Island

Paul Andrew Jargowsky, Rutgers University - Camden

Jacob Jennings, CSU, Chico

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Gail A. Jensen, Wayne State University

Michal Jerzmanowski, Clemson University

Charles Jeszeck, U.S. Government Accountability Office (ret.)

Saleha Jilani, Haverford College

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Martha W. M. Jones, Vanderbilt University

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Elisee Joseph, Columbia University

Elisee Joseph, Columbia University

Paul L. Joskow, MIT

Pab Jotikasthira, Southern Methodist University

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Joseph P Kalt, Harvard University

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Farida Khan, University of Colorado Colorado Springs

M. Ali Khan , Johns Hopkins University

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Marlene Kim, University of Massachusetts Boston

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Henrik Kleven, Princeton University

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Thomas Kochan, MIT

Niree Kodaverdian, Pomona College

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Charles D. Kolstad, Stanford University and University of California

Gerald Kominski, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health

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Clemens Kownatzki, Pepperdine Graziadio Business School

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Kala Krishna, The Pennsylvania State University

Sarah Kroeger, University of Notre Dame

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Michael Kuhn, University of Oregon

Risa Kumazawa, Duquesne University

Mark Jeffrey Kuperberg, Swarthmore College

Mordecai Kurz, Stanford University

Jonathan L. Kurzfeld, Bates College

Paul R Kutasovic, New York Institute of Technology

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Ilyana Kuziemko, Princeton University

John E. Kwoka, jr., Northeastern University

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Anne Layne-Farrar, Northwestern University

John Leahy, University of Michigan

Ronald D. Lee, University of California, Berkeley

Chung H. Lee, University of Hawaii at Manoa

Michael A. Leeds, Temple University

William H. Lehr, MIT

Brandon Lehr, Occidental College

Dean Leistikow, Fordham University

Hayne E. Leland, University of California, Berkeley

MaryJane Lenon , Providence College

Dan Levin, Ohio State University

David I. Levine, University of California, Berkeley

Ting Levy, Florida Atlantic University

Arthur Lewbel, Boston College

Lynne Lewis, Elmer W. Campbell Professor of Economics, Bates College

David Lewis, Oregon State University

Shengwu Li, Harvard University

Jing Li, Cornell University

Shanjun Li, Cornell University

An Li, Sarah Lawrence College

Erik Lichtenberg, University of Maryland

Marc Lieberman, New York University

Marvin Lieberman, UCLA Anderson School of Management

Ethan Ligon, University of California at Berkeley

Alvaro Lima, Boston Planning and Development Agency

Daniel Lin, American University

Nelson Lind, Emory University

David L. Lindauer, Wellesley College

Barton Lipman, Boston University

Victor D. Lippit, University of California, Riverside

Qihong Liu, University of Oklahoma

Hong Liu, Washington University in St. Louis

Ted Loch-Temzelides, Rice University

Jason Long, Wheaton College

Jakub Lonsky, PhD, University of Liverpool

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Dukes Love, Williams College

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Adrienne Lucas, University of Delaware

Sydney Ludvigson, New York University

Erzo F.P. Luttmer, Dartmouth College

Travis J. Lybbert, University of California, Davis

Victor Lyonnet, Ohio State University

Jeffrey Macher, Georgetown (McDonough)

Catherine Maclean, Temple University

W Bentley MacLeod, Columbia University

Ellen Magenheim, Swarthmore College

Marco Di Maggio, Harvard Business School

Vikram Maheshri, University of Houston

Michael Makowsky, Clemson University

Hazel Malapit, International Food Policy Research Institute

Stephen Malpezzi, University of Wisconsin-Madison (Emeritus)

Elena Manresa, NYU

Hani Mansour, University of Colorado Denver

Don Mar, San Francisco State University

Alan Marcus, Boston College

Nelson C Mark, University of Notre Dame

Victoria Marone, University of Texas at Austin

David Martin, Davidson College

Katalin Marton, Fordham University

Keith E Maskus, University of Colorado Boulder

Charles Mason, University of Wyoming

William A Masters, Tufts University

Thomas Masterson, Levy Economics Institute of Bard College

Victor Matheson, College of the Holy Cross

Laurent Mathevet, New York University

Jordan Matsudaira, Teachers College, Columbia University

Peter Hans Matthews, Middlebury College

Ryan S Mattson, West Texas A&M University

John W. Mayo, Georgetown University

Timothy D McBride, Washington University in St. Louis

Adam McCloskey, University of Colorado

K. John McConnell, Oregon Health & Science University

Kenneth McConnell, University of Maryland

Elaine McCrate, University of Vermont

Grant McDermott, University of Oregon

Robert McDonald, Northwestern University

Topher McDougal, University of San Diego

Peter McHenry, College of William & Mary

Craig McIntosh, School of Global Policy and Strategy, UCSD

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Arthur Mead, University of Rhode Island

Michael Meeropol, Western New England University

Rajnish Mehra, Arizona State University

Francisco J. Mejia, Economica Consulting LLC

Marc Melitz, Harvard University

Konrad Menzel, NYU

Guido Menzio, NYU

Jennifer Meredith, Colby College

Gilbert E. Metcalf, Tufts University

Andrew Metrick, Yale University

Moritz Meyer-ter-Vehn, UCLA

Edward Miguel, University of California, Berkeley

Sahar Milani, St. Lawrence University

Paul Milgrom, Stanford University

Ronald I. Miller, Columbia University

Nathan Miller, Georgetown University

Keaton Miller, University of Oregon

Daniel Millimet, Southern Methodist University

Lawrence Mishel, Economic Policy Institute

Mushfiq Mobarak , Yale University

Pooya Molavi, Northwestern University

Gary Mongiovi, St John's University, New York

Mark Montgomery, Grinnell College

Dilip Mookherjee, Boston University

Robert M Mooradian, Northeastern University

Robert L. Moore, Occidental. College, Emeritus

Bart Moore, Fordham University

Katherine A. Moos, PhD, University of Massachusetts Amherst

Jonathan Morduch, New York University

Alan Moreira, University of Rochester

Stephen Morris, M.I.T.

Steven A Morrison, Northeastern University

Fiona Scott Morton, Yale University

Rebecca Moryl, Emmanuel college

Giuseppe Moscarini, Yale University

Christine Moser, Western Michigan University

William Velvel Moskoff, Lake Forest College

Akira Motomura, Stonehill College

Tracy Mott, University of Denver

Peter R. Mueser, University of Missouri

Tyler Muir, UCLA

Joseph Mullins, University of Minnesota

Lalith Munasinghe, Barnard College, Columbia University

David Munro, Middlebury College

Robert G. Murphy, Boston College

Daniel Murphy, University of Virginia

Michael Murray, Bates College

Roger Myerson, University of Chicago

Michael R. Myler, University of Mount Union

John Nachbar, Washington University in St. Louis

Steven Nafziger, Williams College

Matthew G. Nagler, City University of New York

Babu Nahata, University of Louisville

Paul Natke, Central Michigan University

Rosamond Naylor, Stanford University

Abdoulaye Ndiaye, New York University

Thomas Nechyba, Duke University

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Donald Negri, Willamette University

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Wilhelm Neuefeind, Washington University in St Louis

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David Neumark, UC Irvine

Plamen Nikolov, The State University of New York (Binghamton)

Roger G. Noll, Stanford

Peter Norman, University of North Carolina

Lindsey Novak, Colby College

Paul Novosad, Dartmouth College

Nathan Nunn, Harvard University

Anant Nyshadham, University of Michigan

Stephen A. O'Connell, Swarthmore College

Ezra Oberfield, Princeton

Jack Ochs, University of pittsburgh

Terrance Odean, UC Berkeley

Gerald Oettinger, University of Texas at Austin

Benjamin Ogden, Texas A&M

Andrew Ojede, Texas State University

Ifeakandu Okoye, Forida A&M University

Alex Olbrecht, Ramapo College

Sheila Olmstead, The University of Texas at Austin

Will Olney, University of Hawaii

Paul Ong, UCLA

James Opaluch, University of Rhode Island

Margaret Oppenheimer, DePaul University

Bonnie L. Orcutt, Worcester State Hospital

David L. Ortega, Michigan State University

Ram Orzach, Oakland University

Ram Orzach, Oakland University

Abdalla Osman, Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota

Sharon Oster, Yale University

Ann Owen, Hamilton College

Orgul Ozturk, University of South Carolina

Warren Bruce Palmer, Beloit College

Jonathan A. Parker, MIT

Susan W. Parker, University of Maryland

Andrii Parkhomenko, University of Southern California

David Parsley, Vanderbilt University

M. Daniele Paserman, Boston University

Eva Paus, Mount Holyoke College

Nina Pavcnik, Dartmouth College

Julia Paxton, Ohio University

David Pearce, New York University

Denis Pelletier, North Carolina State University

Lynne Pepall, Tufts University

Alfredo Marvao Pereira, College of William and Mary

Jeffrey M. Perloff, University of California, Berkeley

Isabelle Perrigne, Rice University

Addison Spencer Perry, ASU

Claudia Persico, American University

Michael Peters, Yale University

Christina Peters, Metropolitan State University of Denver

Dorothy Petersen, Washington University

Bruce C Petersen, Washington University

Peter A. Petri, Brandeis University

Davide Pettenuzzo, Brandeis University

Paul Pfleiderer, Stanford University

Charles P. Rock, Ph.D, Professor of Economics, Emeritus, Rollins College

Robert F. Phillips, George Washington University

Anne Piehl, Rutgers University

Joris Pinkse, Penn State

Chiara Piovani, University of Denver

Luigi Pistaferri, Stanford University

Zoe Plakias, Ohio State University

Andrew Plantinga, University of California, Santa Barbara

Stephen Polasky, University of Minnesota

Ioana Popovici, Nova Southeastern University

Ioana Popovici, Nova Southeastern University

Michael Powell, Northwestern University

Gyan Pradhan, Christopher Newport University

Sangeeta Pratap, Hunter College and Graduate Center, CUNY

Anne E. Preston, Haverford College

Penelope Prime, China Research Center

Thomas A. Pugel, New York University

Vichshuwan Pungchareon,

Dhimitri Qirjo , SUNY Plattsburgh

Joseph Quinn, Boston College

Agnes Quisumbing, International Food Policy Research Institute

Esteban J. Quiñones, Mathematica

Steven Radelet, Georgetown University

Cyrus Ramezani, California Polytechnic State Univ.

Smita Ramnarain , University of Rhode Island

Romain Ranciere, university of Southern California

Romain Ranciere, University of Southern California

Salim Rashid,

Kolleen Rask, College of the Holy cross

Mahdi Rastad, California Polytechnic State University

Martin Ravallion, Georgetown University

Debraj Ray, New York University

Steven B Raymar, Fordham University - Gabelli School of Business

James B. Rebitzer, Boston University

Sanjay Reddy, The New School

John Rehbeck, the Ohio State University

Jennifer Reinganum, Vanderbilt University

Cristina Reiser, University of New Mexico

Philip Reny, University of Chicago

Jessica Wolpaw Reyes, Amherst College

Thomas Rice, UCLA

Lorien Alane Rice, Mills College

Jean-Francois Richard, University of Pittsburgh

Dan Richards, Tufts University

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Sam Richardson, Boston College

Evan Riehl, Cornell University

Mary Rigdon, Rutgers University

Raymond Ring, University of South Dakota (Emeritus)

Carl Riskin, Queens College, City University of New York

Travis Roach, University of Central Oklahoma

Judith Robinson, Castleton University

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Denise Robson, UW Oshkosh

Yana Rodgers, Rutgers University

Andres Rodriguez-Clare, UC Berkeley

Antonio Rodriguez-Lopez, University of California, Irvine

Brian Roe, Ohio State University

Jennifer Roff, Queens College, City University of New York

Giacomo Rondina, UC San Diego

Stuart Rosenberg, Monmouth University

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David Ross, Bryn Mawr College

Barkley Rosser, James Madison University

Aimee Drolet Rossi, UCLA

Maya Rossin-Slater, Stanford University

Gregory Rosston, Stanford University

Elyce Rotella, University of Michigan

Alvin Roth, Stanford University

Alexander D Rothenberg, Syracuse University

Philip Rothman, East Carolina University

Heather Royer, UC Santa Barbara

Christopher J. Ruhm, University of Virginia

Mark Rush, University of Florida

Lauren Russell, University of Pennsylvania

Maryam Saeedi, Carnegie Mellon University

Luis Felipe Saenz, University of South Carolina

Henry Saffer, National Bureau of Economic Research

Bernard Salanie, Columbia University

Michael A. Salinger, Boston University

Steven Salop, Georgetown University Law Center

Tobias Salz, MIT

William Samuelson, Boston University

William Sander, DePaul University

Todd Sandler, University of Texas at Dallas

Sarada Sarada, University of Wisconsin, Madison

Kristina Sargent, Middlebury College

Natasha Sarin, UPenn

Alexi Savov, New York University

José A. Scheinkman, Columbia University

Frank Schilbach, MIT

Richard Schmalensee, MIT

Robert M Schmidt, University of Richmond

Johannes Schmieder, Boston University

Markus P. A. Schneider, University of Denver

Molly Schnell, Northwestern University

Kevin T. Schnepel, Simon Fraser University

Kim Schoenholtz, NYU Stern School of Business

Andrew Schotter, NYU

Eric A. Schutz, Rollins College

Julia Schwenkenberg, Rutgers University, Newark

C. Patrick Scott, Louisiana Tech University

Bruce A. Seaman, Georgia State University

Norman Sedgley, Loyola University Maryland

Kurt Semm, New School for Social Research

Duane J Seppi, Carnegie Mellon University

Ricardo Serrano-Padial, Drexel University

Mark Setterfield, New School for Social Research

Bradley Shapiro, University of Chicago

Carl Shapiro, University of California at Berkeley

Alan Finkelstein Shapiro, Tufts University

Kevin Shaver, University of Pittsburgh

Ian Sheldon, Ohio State University

Ashish Shenoy, University of California, Davis

Itai Sher, University of Massachusetts Amherst

Kevin Shih, Queens College CUNY

Jennifer Shinall, Vanderbilt University

Jason Shogren, University of Wyoming

Lara Shore-Sheppard, Williams College

Ali Shourideh, Carnegie Mellon University

Richard Sias, University of Arizona

Robin C Sickles, Rice University

Paolo Siconolfi, Business School Columbia University

Jonathan Silberman, Oakland University

Yusif Simaan, Fordham University

Christopher Sims, Princeton University

Nirvikar Singh, University of California, Santa Cruz

Sanjay R Singh, UC Davis

Perry Singleton, Syracuse University

Gilbert L. Skillman, Wesleyan University

George A. Slotsve, Northern Illinois University

David Slusky, University of Kansas

Steven Slutsky, University of Florida

Timothy M Smeeding, University of Wisconsin - Madison

Mark Griffin Smith, Colorado College

Lones Smith, University of Wisconsin - Madison

Fred Smith, Davidson College

Austin Smith, Miami University

Alec Smith, Virginia Tech

Jorge Soares, University of Delaware

Joel Sobel, University of California, San Diego

Aaron Sojourner, University of Minnesota

Gary Solon, University of Michigan

Barry Sopher, Rutgers University

John A. Sorrentino, Temple University

Roger Sparks, Mills College

Stephen E. Spear, Carnegie Mellon University

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Ennio Stacchetti, New York University

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Richard Stahl, Louisiana State University

Denise L. Stanley, California State University, Fullerton

Miron Stano, Oakland University

Mark Stehr, Drexel University

Joseph Steinberg, University of Toronto (and American citizen!)

Bryce Millett Steinberg, Brown University

Richard Steinberg, Dept. of Economics and Lilly Family School of Philanthropy, IUPUI

John Sterman, MIT

Scott Stern, MIT Sloan

Steven Stern, Stony Brook University

Mary Huff Stevenson, University of Massachusetts Boston

Noah Stoffman, Indiana University

Lars Stole, University of Chicago

John R. Stoll, University of Wisconsin - Green Bay

Samuel Stolper, University of Michigan

Daniel F. Stone, Bowdoin College

Adam Storeygard, Tufts University

Joerg Stoye, Cornell University

John K. Stranlund, University of Massachusetts, Amherst

Diana Strassmann, Rice University

Sandip Sukhtankar, University of Virginia

Ashley Swanson, Columbia University

Constantinos Syropoulos, Drexel University

Richard J Szal, Northern Arizona University (Retired)

Steve Szeghi, Wilmington College, Ohio

Tayfun Sönmez, Boston College

Steven Tadelis, UC Berkeley

Alireza Tahbaz-Salehi, Northwestern University

Lisa Takeyama, San Francisco State University

Elie Tamer, Harvard University

Pankaj Tandon, Boston University

Nori Tarui, University of Hawaii

Joshua Tasoff, Claremont Graduate University

Daniele Tavani, Colorado State University

Kenna C. Taylor, Rollins College

Michael H. Taylor, University of Nevada, Reno

Lowell J Taylor, Carnegie Mellon University

Edinaldo Tebaldi, Bryant University

Nathan W. Tefft, Bates College

Mario Teisl, University of Maine

Sebastian Tello-Trillo, University of Virginia

Scott R Templeton, Clemson University

Katsuaki L Terasawa, U.S. Naval Postgraduate School (Retired Economic Professor) and RAND Corporation (Retired Senior Economist)

David Terkla, University of Massachusetts Boston

Kevin E Thom, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee

Caroline Thomas, University of Texas, Austin

Melissa Thomasson, Miami University

Philip B. Thompson, Western Washington University

Frank Thompson, University of Michigan

Lucas Threinen, Macalester College

Nathaniel A. Throckmorton, William & Mary

Nicolaus Tideman, Virginia Tech

Tom Tietenberg, Colby College (Emeritus Professor)

Chris Tilly, UCLA

Jeremy Tobacman, University of Delaware

Aron Tobias, Syracuse University

Annette Tomal, Wheaton College

E. Ahmet Tonak, University of Massachusetts Amherst

Daniel Tortorice, College of the Holy Cross

Peter Toumanoff, Marquette University

Edward Tower, Duke University

W. Scott Trees, Siena College

Nikos Trichakis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Philip Trostel, University of Maine

Boone A Turchi, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Robert W Turner, Colgate University

Lesley Turner, Vanderbilt University

Stephen J Turnovsky, University of Washington

Arja Turunen-Red, University of New Orleans

James R Tybout, Pennsylvania State University

Nicola Tynan, Dickinson College

Christopher Udry, Northwestern University

Nora Underwood, University of Central Florida

Mukti P Upadhyay, Eastern Illinois University

Robert Otto Valdez, PhD, University of New Mexico

Paola Valenti, Columbia University

Shapoor Vali, Fordham University

Kerry D. Vandell, University of California - Irvine

Joseph Vavra, University of Chicago

Sanford V.Berg, University of Florida

Pete Vechsuruck, University of Rhode Island

Laura Veldkamp, Columbia University

Gregory Veramendi, University of Munich

Marno Verbeek, Rotterdam School of Management

Eric Verhoogen, Columbia University

Matías Vernengo , Bucknell University

Liza Vertinsky, Emory University

Emanuel Vespa, UC San Diego

Lise Vesterlund, University of Pittsburgh

PV Viswanath, Pace University

Ingo Vogelsang, Boston University

Tom Vogl, University of California San Diego

Rajiv Vohra, Brown University

Anca Monika Voicu, Rollins College

Nico Voigtländer, UCLA Anderson School of Management

Valerie Voorheis, University of Massachseutts Amherst

Annie Voy, Gonzaga University

Susan Vroman, Georgetown University

Quang Vuong, NYU

Paul Wachtel, Stern School of Business, New York University

Sunil Wahal, Arizona State University

Joel Waldfogel, University of Minnesota

Andreas Waldkirch, Colby College

Don E. Waldman, Colgate University

William Waller, Hobart and William Smith Colleges

Carl E. Walsh, University of California, Santa Cruz

Xiao Yu Wang, Duke University

Matt Warning, University of Puget Sound

Michael Wasylenko, Syracuse Univeristy

George Waters, Illinois State University

Mark Watson, Princeton University

Joel Watson, University of California, San Diego

Tara Watson, Williams College

Richard Van Weelden, University of Pittsburgh

Kelsey Wei, University of Texas at Dallas

Kenneth Weiher, University of Texas at San Antonio

Amanda Weinstein, University of Akron

Jonathan Weinstein, Washington University in St. Louis

Ivo Welch, UCLA Anderson

Frank Werner, Fordham University

Nils Wernerfelt, Facebook

Birger Wernerfelt, MIT

Maria Westerfield, University of Virginia

Dave Whipple, Naval Postgraduate School (Retired)

Travis Whitacre, SMU

Eugene White, Rutgers University

Roger White, Whittier College

Toni Whited, University of Michigan

John Whitehead, Appalachian State University

Casey Wichman, Georgia Institute of Technology

Peter J Wilcoxen, Syracuse University

Joshua Wilde, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research

Anne Williams, Bates College

Nathan James Williams, Independent

Robert G. Williams, Guilford College

Amanda Wilsker, Georgia Gwinnett College

Bonnie Wilson, Saint Louis University

Kathryn Wilson, Kent State University

Alistair Wilson, University of Pittsburgh

Richard Wiltgen, DePaul University

Donald Wittman, University of California Santa Cruz

Barbara L Wolfe, University of Wisconsin-Madison

Justin Wolfers, University of Michigan

Catherine Wolfram, University of California, Berkeley

Alexander Wolitzky, MIT

Keith Womer, University of Missouri—St Louis

Myrna Wooders, Vanderbilt University

Brian Davern Wright, UC Berkeley

Jonathan Wright, Johns Hopkins University

Bruce Wydick, University of San Francisco

Linus Yamane, Pitzer College

Dean Yang, University of Michigan

Yavuz Yasar, University of Denver

Ayako Yasuda, University of California, Davis

Lixin Ye, The Ohio State University

Muhamet Yildiz, MIT

Wesley Yin, University of California, Los Angeles

Gary Yohe, Wesleyan University

Thomas Youle, Dartmouth College

Dennis R. Young, Georgia State University, Emeritus Professor

Vivian Yue, Emory University

Stephen L. Zabor, Hiram College

Eduardo Zambrano, California Polytechnic State University

Yongmin Zang, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse

Jay Zarnikau, The University of Texas at Austin

Kevin Zhang, Illinois State University

Lu Zhang, The Ohio State University

Xiaobing Zhao, Northern Arizona University

Huizhong Zhou, Western Michigan University

Owen Zidar, Princeton University

Andrea Ziegert, Denison University

Andrew Zimbalist, Smith College

Frederick J. Zimmerman, University of California, Los Angeles

David J Zimmerman, Williams College

Jonathan Zinman, Dartmouth College

Pavel Zryumov, University of Rochester

Ben Zweig, New York University

Ömer Özak, Southern Methodist University

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